The National Museum's main building stood closed for seven years while engineers gutted 130-year-old foundations and replaced every beam. When it reopened in 2018, restorers had removed decades of grime to reveal František Ženíšek's original Pantheon ceiling frescoes — 72 allegorical figures representing Czech history, science and art. The neo-Renaissance structure anchors the southeastern end of Wenceslas Square, its 70-metre dome visible from most of Nové Město. Architect Josef Schulz designed it in 1891 as a deliberate echo of Vienna's museums, a statement of Czech cultural ambition within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Today the complex spans four buildings and holds 14 million items: Palaeolithic tools from Dolní Věstonice, medieval manuscripts, mineralogy collections ranked among Europe's ten largest, and Antonín Dvořák's original scores. The historical building's central staircase ascends past marble columns to the Pantheon, a domed hall lined with bronze busts of 72 Czech scholars, artists and national figures. Guided National Museum Prague tours focus on the permanent exhibition tracing Bohemian, Moravian and Silesian history from prehistoric settlement through the 1918 independence declaration. The natural history wing displays a reconstructed Oligocene rainforest and 3,000 meteorite fragments. Prague museum guided visits often pair the National Museum with Old Town walking routes or skip-the-line access that bypasses ground-floor queues during weekend afternoons. Self-guided audio tours provide 90 minutes of commentary across 40 rooms, covering Josef Mánes's lunette paintings, the mineral vault's fluorescent specimens, and the library's 1.3 million volumes. Private tours allow deeper focus on single collections — numismatics, ethnography, or the Náprstek Museum's Asian and African holdings in a separate baroque building near the river. Admission includes temporary exhibitions, which rotate quarterly and have featured topics from Art Nouveau posters to Carpathian wildlife surveys. The rooftop terrace overlooks Wenceslas Square and the copper spires of Staré Město, a vantage point that clarifies Prague's medieval street grid against its 19th-century boulevards.